After a painful
eight-year wait from the Maracanazo a bold, beautiful Brazil reinvented
football at the World Cup in Sweden…..
A day before the final game at Maracana between Brazil and
Uruguay in 1950, São Paulo’s Gazeta Esportiva newspaper proclaimed: “Tomorrow
we will beat Uruguay!”Rio’s O Mundo printed a photo of the Brazilian squad
accompanied by the caption: “These are the world champions”.
Such was the confidence of Brazilians throughout the country
before that eventful day at Maracana where almost the whole of Brazil gathered
to welcome their heroes even before the final whistle was blown. But they left
the stadium shattered and devastated.
Slick-haired with a pencil-thin moustache over his lips,
Alcides Ghiggia silenced the Maracana to script one of the greatest tragedies
in the history of World Cup football – Maracanazo.
“There was complete silence. The crowd was frozen still. It
was like they weren’t even breathing”, Ghiggia recalled. “They couldn’t even
raise their voices to cheer on Brazil. That was when I realised they weren’t
going to do it and that we’d won”.
The whole of Brazil was stunned. The atmosphere was dull and
gloomy.
Vilified by their fans, many of the players from that
glorious Brazil squad of 1950 decided to call it a day; others were never
selected again. With the home strip, a white shirt with a blue collar, now
considered jinxed, Brazil then adopted its famous yellow and green uniform.
The Brazilians travelled to Switzerland to bury the ghost of
1950, but they failed to do so as Hungary would prove to be the better side in
Bern.
Vincente Feola and
his innovative moves
Brazil travelled to Sweden four years later.
Brazil’s coach was Vincente Feola, who was a supervisor,
doctor, dentist, psychologist, administrator, scout, trainer and a tactical
genius. The team doctor, Hilton Gosling, was also assigned the task of choosing
the team hotel. He took into account numerous factors when selecting an
appropriate base for the team, including its distance from the matchday
stadiums, the quality of the local training facilities, and even the local
climate.
Rumour has it that he also requested that the hotel’s female
staff be replaced with men so that the players wouldn’t be distracted by too
many non-football activities. However, the nearby nudist beach was probably
enough of a distraction in that sense, and after just one day in Gothenburg,
some players had already invested in a pair of binoculars.
Perhaps the most innovative addition to a World Cup staff
was the sports psychiatrist, João Carvalhaes. Having begun his career working with
boxers and bus drivers, he swapped the ring and bus depot for the football
pitch, treating local referees and São Paulo players before being called upon
to travel with the Brazil squad to Sweden. Carvalhaes carried out tests which
assessed the players’ mentality, which found Pelé lacking “the responsibility
necessary for a team game.”
Feola decided to shun the old-fashioned W-M formation and
3-2-3-2 of 1950. He unleashed the 4-2-4 formation – an innovative move, which
redefined Brazilian football.
According to Blizzard, “By the time Feola took the reins of
the national team in 1958, the 4-2-4 had already overtaken the diagonal as the
most widespread formation in Brazil.
One of the main obstacles to the acceptance of WM amongst
Brazilian players was its man-marking system: the reality of two teams,
invariably aligned 3-2-2-3 when facing each other, meant that marking duties
became symmetrical and reciprocal but not reactive; the system was not equipped
to counter unorthodox positional play. In that respect, it was different to the
man-marking systems of the verrou and catenaccio, in which players were
expected to mark certain opponents regardless of how those opponents were
distributed or adjusted their collective movement on the pitch”.
In that front four, the 17-year-old Pele played a slightly
withdrawn role, which enabled him to combine effectively with forwards and
midfielders, forming part of a central spine with Vava at the head, and captain
Bellini at the base. Alongside Bellini was the excellent Orlando Peçanha, who
had a reading of the game to compliment his defensive partner’s leadership and
brawn. Garrincha’s club-mate, mentor, and fellow Botafogo legend NÃlton Santos
operated on the left of defence, while Djalma Santos did a similar job on the
right.
Both fullbacks looked to support their wingers in attack,
but maintained a narrow position at times when in possession, allowing them to
sweep up on either side of defensive midfielder Zito – mind you, the concept of
a defensive midfielder was still in its early days and major teams were not
much interested in engaging destroyers in midfield.
Zito’s role would be known as the volante in Brazil – a
phrase has its origins at Flamengo, where, as far back as 1941, they were
employing Carlos Volante in a defensive midfield role alongside a slightly more
attacking partner, in a variation of the WM formation.
Then there was Zagallo, who moved up and down the pitch
whenever it was needed and played a big ole wen the team did not have the ball
at their feet – he would purely perform as a defensive player. His agility on
the left-flank provided Brazil many important moves. Especially, the equalizer
against Sweden in the World Cup final.
Brazil were looking for defensive solidity going into this
tournament, and had abandoned the old WM formation in favour of something more
flexible when it came to the transitions from attack to defence, and vice
versa. Zagallo’s defensive duties were part of a wider plan which saw the early
use of a back four, a midfield duo including a volante, and a deep-lying
forward.
The scoring duties depended on Vava, who was known as the
best striker of his generation – smart and technically gifted. He had the eye
to spot the position of the ball like a hawk and had the habit of scoring goals
whenever Brazil needed.
Vava used to play as an inside-left. Feola decided to change
his role a bit so that his 4-2-4 formation becomes much more devastating. The
entre forward Mazzola had been unsettled by transfer speculation. Bowing to
pressure from his players, coach Vicente Feola switched Vava from his usual
position at inside-left to the centre and brought in the 17-year-old Pele on
the left flank.
Hawk-nosed, stocky, intelligent and brave, Vava was an
excellent goal scorer. He rarely wasted chances, possessing both a ferocious
shot and immense strength – his nickname was “peito de aco” or “chest of steel”
– which allowed him to hold off defenders. He also had the knack of converting
important opportunities – his role against Soviet Union, France and Sweden only
prove such.
Garrincha, who was written-off earlier in the tournament
because of failing a psychological test, was like a bird on the right flank and
since his debut against Soviet Union, no defenders could handle his dribbling
abilities which looked devastating due to sheer pace. Behind him, Djalma Santos
would ensure him the freedom and on the left side, Nilton Santos would stay as
a fort to allow Pele, Didi and Zagallo do their jobs according to the demand of
situation.
But it was Didi who would go on to win the trophy of the
best player of the tournament as because, he proved to be the marshall on the
field and orchestrated most of the attacks from that central midfield. His
ability to take the ball from the opposition player and then provide silky
smooth passes to his colleagues from testing positions aided the front four in
the best possible way.
Nevertheless, Brazil’s goal was guarded by one of the best
keepers of the late 50s, Gilmar, who was acrobatic and hardly had the habit of
conceding easy goals.
Brazil bury the ghost
of 1950
Brazil were placed in the group of death along with England,
semi-finalists of 1954, Austria and the new powerhouse of world football,
Soviet Union. But Brazil advanced into the next round without defeat. In the
game against Soviet Union, football was enriched by the injection of Pele and
Garrincha and in the quarterfinals against the tournament’s surprise package
Wales, a young Pele made his mark, while Garrincha created an impact in the
match against the Russians. Then Brazil blew away France in the semi-final with
Pele scripting a hat-trick and in that eventful evening at Stockholm, Brazil
overwhelmed the hosts to bury the ghosts of 1950 at Maracana.
Mulliken’s 1958 Sports Illustrated article, released after
Brazil won the World Cup for the first time, repeated this condescending
characterization:”The artistic, dazzling Brazilians, who do not like a
hard-tackling type of defense, which characterizes European soccer, were
expected to be troubled by the vigor of the straight-shooting Swedes
(Mulliken)”.
As Bellini, the captain of the team lifted the trophy in
Stockholm, the emotions ran high in Rio, Sao Paolo and whole of Brazil. One
journalist in Brazil described: “Here in Brazil, at the same time, every one of
us wanted to sit on the curb and cry. Every grown man lost the shame to mourn
his own happiness. Some would try to stay dry, parched like a tap from the Zona
Sul. And, now, with the arrival of the immortal team, the tears fall anew. We
admit that this scratch (a term of endearment for the Brazilian national team)
deserves them.
They deserved everything: not just for the soccer, which was
the most beautiful mortal eyes have ever seen, but also for its marvelous
discipline. Until this championship, the Brazilian was judged a boar – born and
bred. He would hear English and envy it. He thought the Englishman the finest,
the soberest type of man, with an unspeakable politeness and ceremony [in this
championship] the following became clear: the Englishman, as we conceived of
him, does not exist. The only Englishman that appeared, in the World Cup, was
the Brazilian. For these reasons, we will not be ashamed! We are going to sit
on the curb and cry. Because it is a joy to be Brazilian, friends (Rodrigues
62)”!
Brazil had arrived in world football and since 1958,
football would never be the same. The world would demand “Jogo Bonito” more and
more while the Samba Boys would be everyone’s favourite team. Each and everyone
wanted to sit back and enjoy Brazil for the whole day after the triumph of
1958.
Thank You
Faisal Caesar
